Everything about Income Disparity totally explained
Income disparity or
wage gap is a term used to describe inequities and asymmetry in the distribution of wealth and income between
socio-economic groups within society. The term also has many other definitions:
Common examples include:
- The income gap between the wealthy and the poor.
- lower average income for females than males (see Gender gap below)
Gender gap
In the context of economic inequality, gender gap generally refers to the systemic differences in the
social and
economic roles and wages of
men and
women, or
boys and
girls. There is a debate to what extent this is the result of
gender differences, lifestyle choices, or because of
discrimination.
The widespread mechanization of industry has been accompanied by a shift in gender differentials in highly industrialized countries. However, this closing of the gender gap hasn't necessarily been followed in less industrialized countries, where women may earn less than two thirds that of men.
A United Nations report found that women working in manufacturing earned the following percentages in relation to men in 2003. The statistics are based on wages for all male and female workers, regardless of age, experience, or other factors.
| Country |
Wage % |
| Botswana |
53 |
| Colombia |
65 |
| Paraguay |
53 |
| Japan |
60 |
| Singapore |
61 |
| Sri Lanka |
81 |
| Denmark |
87 |
| France |
78 |
| Germany |
74 |
| Hungary |
74 |
| Ireland |
69 |
| Latvia |
82 |
| Lithuania |
77 |
| Malta |
92 |
| Sweden |
91 |
| Ukraine |
69 |
| United Kingdom |
79 |
| New Zealand |
80 |
In 2004, women's wages in the USA were 76.5% of men's wages. However, some studies, such as those done by the
Independent Women's Forum, conclude that when taking into account variables when comparing male and female employment within the United States - type of job, hours worked in a week, tenure, benefits (for example maternity leave) - women make 98% of men's income. For further information, see
Male-female income disparity in the USA .
According to the Centre for Economic Performance (CEP) at the
London School of Economics, it would take 150 years for the income gap between the two genders to close up due to discrimination and ineffective government policies.
Further Information
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